You can view their usage (almost anywhere on the glob) here
The browser main functionality is to display the web content you choose. It does that by requesting it from the server and displaying it on the browser window. The content/resource format is usually HTML but also PDF, image and more.
Mime Types
Every time your web browser requests a page, the web server sends “headers” before it sends the actual page markup. These headers are normally invisible, although there are web development tools that will make them visible if you’re interested. But the headers are important, because they tell your browser how to interpret the page markup that follows. The most important header is called Content-Type, and it looks like this:
Content-Type: text/html
“text/html” is called the “content type” or “MIME type” of the page. This header is the only thing that determines what a particular resource truly is, and therefore how it should be rendered. (more about MIME types).
The location of the resource is specified by the user using a URI (Uniform resource Identifier).
High level view on each of the five leading browses revels similar 7 layers structure:
1. User interface - The address bar, back/forward button, bookmarking menu etc.
2. The browser engine - Marshall the actions between the UI and the rendering engine.
3. The rendering engine - Responsible for displaying the requested content. For example if the requested content is HTML, it is responsible for parsing the HTML and CSS and displaying the parsed content on the screen.
- Trident (and Chakra in IE9) - in Internet Explorer
- WebKit - in Chrome & Safari
- Gecko - in Firefox
- Presto - in Opera
4. Networking - Used for network calls, like HTTP requests.
5. UI backend - used for drawing basic widgets like combo boxes and windows.
6. JavaScript interpreter - Used to parse and execute the JavaScript code.
7. Data storage - This is a persistence layer. The browser needs to save all sorts of data on the hard disk, for examples, cookies.
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